Gravitational lens

Gravitational lens is the distribution of light from the light source to the observer that allow light to bending when it progress toward observer.

The bending of light toward is not a new conception. From classical physics the prediction of bending of light is started. But, the most prediction is found in General Theory of relativity by Albert Einstein.

Dark matter

Dark matter

Dark matter in universe is a hypothetical matter that is not observable and no interaction with electromagnetic radiation, such as light. About 85% of matter in  is thought as dark matter.

In most case dark matter is non-baryonic in nature. Dark matter is composed with undiscovered universesubatomic particles.

According to Lambda CDM model,  about 26% of mass energy of universe is dark matter, 68% is from dark energy and 4.9% is from ordinary matter and energy.

Dark Energy

Dark Energy

In physical cosmology dark energy is a hypothetical energy that is permeable to all space and responsible to accelerate the expanding universe.

If it assume that standard model in particle physics is correct then it could assume that about 68% of energy of observable universe is composed with dark energy.